Which specimen type requires specific handling to avoid hemolysis?

Blood specimens collected in anticoagulant tubes require specific handling to avoid hemolysis because hemolysis refers to the breakdown of red blood cells, which can alter test results significantly. When blood is drawn, the way the specimen is handled—such as the speed of transport, temperature, and agitation—can impact the integrity of the cells. If a blood specimen is shaken vigorously, left at inappropriate temperatures, or not processed quickly enough, hemolysis can occur, leading to inaccurate laboratory results.

Each of the other specimen types has its own handling considerations, but they do not typically involve the same risk of hemolysis as blood specimens. For example, urine specimens can be affected by factors such as contamination or the presence of certain substances but are not related to the integrity of blood cells. Saliva specimens and throat swabs similarly have distinct collection and transport requirements that are less critical concerning hemolysis. Therefore, the focus on blood specimens in anticoagulant tubes is paramount for ensuring accurate diagnostic outcomes.