What role does centrifugation play in specimen processing?

Centrifugation is a critical technique in specimen processing primarily because it effectively separates different components of blood based on their density. When a blood sample is placed in a centrifuge and spun at high speeds, the force generated causes the heavier components, such as red blood cells, to settle at the bottom of the tube, while the lighter components, including plasma and white blood cells, remain above. This separation allows for the collection and analysis of specific components as needed for various tests.

The method is essential for preparations like serum or plasma, which are often required for biochemical analyses, hormonal assessments, or other laboratory evaluations. By isolating these components, centrifugation aids in obtaining accurate test results and ensures that the samples are properly prepared for further examination.