What is a major complication associated with venipuncture?

Hematoma formation is a common complication associated with venipuncture due to the nature of the procedure, which involves puncturing the skin and accessing a vein. When the needle penetrates the vein, blood can leak out of the vessel and accumulate in the surrounding tissues, leading to a localized swelling filled with blood, known as a hematoma. This occurs when the puncture site does not seal adequately or if there is excessive movement during the procedure.

While complications such as infection, allergic reactions, and vein collapse can occur during venipuncture, hematoma formation is specifically linked to the mechanical aspect of the process and is fairly prevalent. It is essential for those performing the procedure to apply appropriate pressure after the venipuncture and to follow proper techniques to reduce the risk of this complication. Additionally, factors such as the size of the needle and the techniques employed during the procedure can influence the likelihood of hematoma development. Understanding this helps in applying best practices to minimize complications during venipuncture.