What conditions does a chemical urinalysis test for in urine?

A chemical urinalysis is a comprehensive test that evaluates various constituents in urine to assess kidney function and diagnose medical conditions. The test typically measures the presence of abnormal substances, such as proteins, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, and nitrites. It also assesses the urine’s pH and specific gravity, which can indicate hydration status and metabolic conditions.

This multi-faceted approach provides critical information about a person's health, allowing clinicians to identify conditions beyond urinary tract infections, such as diabetes, kidney disease, liver problems, or metabolic imbalances. Therefore, the correct answer highlights the broad scope of what a chemical urinalysis can reveal, indicating that it is much more than a test for just one or two conditions.